Original Thirteen Transformers

In the fictional Transformers universe, there were thirteen original Transformers created by the Transformer deity Primus before he went on to create the rest of the Transformers race. In the live-action movie series, they were created by the All Spark, and were called the "Dynasty of Primes".

History
Before going on to create the Transformer race, Primus experimented with a group of twelve robots known as the Covenant. Based on the zodiac, these twelve robots were: Leonicus (leader), Aries, Piscor, Libras, Scorpius, Aquator, Taurotron, Cancix, Geminator, Sagittarii, Virgol and Capricurn. They existed in secret training for the Omega Point. The Omega Point was a potential event that Unicron would attack at a point that there was no Prime. After the Omega Point, time was reverted and the instance never happened.

Primus later created a group of thirteen Transformers, each with special powers, to fight against Unicron. This is the basic, communal origin for Cybertron and the Transformers across many continuities. Although the 2009 movie has The Fallen as the main villain, it does not seem to follow the Primus creation story. Like Primus and Unicron, each of the thirteen are multiversal singularities - one entity throughout reality. During their first big battle against Unicron, many of the 13 were killed and the Fallen was drawn into a black hole, where he remained trapped in a lower dimensional level.

Revenge of the Fallen
In Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, there were seven original Transformers who formed the "Dynasty of Primes", scattering throughout the galaxy looking for planets where they could build Sun Harvesters. These Sun Harvesters, powered by the Matrix of Leadership, were capable of harvesting a sun's energy to produce Energon. The Dynasty of Primes had one rule: Sun Harvesters were not to be used in solar systems containing life. The Fallen, ignoring this rule, arrived on Earth 17,000 BC and started building a new Sun Harvester with other Cybertronians. This sparked a war, with the Fallen defeated by the rest of the Dynasty of Primes as they sacrificed themselves to seal the Matrix. When Sam dies, he has a vision of the Dynasty and they tell him he has earned the Matrix and this was always his destiny. The Dynasty then resurrects Sam, who in turn brings back Optimus Prime. Optimus then kills the Fallen.

Transformers: Prime
Hasbro plans to have all of the Thirteen Primes (including Megatronus Prime the Fallen) appear in the series.

Transformers: Exodus
In this novel, they are known as "the Thirteen Primes". Prima, the Liege Maximo and Megatronus Prime are mentioned, and Alpha Trion is the only one of these still alive on Cybertron. The Matrix of Leadership was once the jewel in the hilt of Prima's Star Saber, and Sentinel (Zeta) Prime once bore the sigil of Vector Prime.

Animated Series
In a recent episode, the Fallen was mentioned.

Members
Not all of the Thirteen have been identified - the only Transformers explicitly named as part of the group are:
 * Prima, the very first Transformer born from Cybertron, the first Matrix-bearer and leader of the Thirteen, Warrior of Light who wields the Star Saber with the Matrix of Leadership as its hilt.
 * Vector Prime, guardian of time and space who spent most of his life outside the multiverse, observing it and occasionally stepping in to help.
 * Nexus Prime, guardian of Rarified Energon who agreed to have Alpha Trion and Vector Prime divide him into five Transformers (making him the first combiner) to hide the shards of Prima's Star Saber. The five Transformers he was divided into were:
 * Breakaway, guardian of the Caretaker in the 2006 Classics toyline.
 * Heatwave, a Decepticon from the Shattered Glass franchise.
 * Landquake, a Decepticon from the Transformers: Cybertron universe.
 * Skyfall, a Velocitronian.
 * Topspin, a Cybertronian in the Generation 2 timeline.
 * Alpha Trion, can see the past, present and future, and holds the Covenant of Primus and the Quill. He maintains a close relationship with Primus through Vector Sigma.
 * The Liege Maximo, the ultimate evil counterforce of good.
 * Solus Prime, female warrior who makes weapons for the 13, she is the archetype of all female Transformers.
 * One of the Thirteen has a Beast Mode.
 * One of the Thirteen is a Minicon.
 * Megatronus Prime, also known as "the Fallen"; overseer of entropy and Warrior of Darkness, now a herald of Unicron.